Many people may not be aware that gardening can actually harm the environment.  A large amount of carbon dioxide can be released through tilling the soil.  This contributes to global warming.  When you cultivating and compacting the soil, destroys good fungi.  Fertilizers like nitrogen and manure often leach out of the soil and pollute the water you drink.

Global warming

Did you know that the earth's soil gives out carbon dioxide in the atmosphere 10 times more than all human activity?  This comes from the pill bugs, microbes, fungi and worms when they breathe, digest food and then die. Although in the past plants have been capable of absorbing carbon dioxide caused by small-scale tillages, this isn't the case nowadays.

The increase of the globe's average temperature is because of the carbon dioxide the soil emits when tilled. The good news is that tilling can be minimized by mulching or sheet composting.

Good Fungi

In untilled soil, there is beneficial fungi known as the vesicular-arbuscular-mycorrhizae or VAM for short. VAM actually forms a symbiotic relationship with plants.  Their filaments increase root hairs and provide nutrients to the plant.  They give out zinc, copper, potassium and phosphorus.  Plants provide carbohydrates for the fungi in return.  It is possible to grow a garden without tilling the sooiil at all by mulching heavily until the soil is soft and friable.

Surplus Nitrogen

Many gardeners waste nitrogen and manures; farmers do otherwise. Farmers only need a quarter to a third of nitrogen to mix with an inch of compost, horse, or cow manure.   When it comes to broccoli and pear trees, farmers only need a small amount.  Notice that gardeners apply larger amounts of compost and manure than farmers. Obviously, they are not only wasting their fertilizer but also their money.

The best gardening advice that can be given to those concerned is to do all things with moderation. Keep in mind that too little and too much of something is not healthy. This is the most valuable advice one can have in gardening.

Dr. Craig

There is nothing nicer than receiving a gift relating to one's passion. If your loved one's passion is gardening, then show your thoughtfulness by giving a gift that will be truly appreciated.
There are so many great gardening gifts that the only constraint is your own budget.

If your budget is small, go for things like gloves, kneepads or even a shady hat. A pretty pot (or a watering-can) filled with a small bag of potting mix, a packet of bulbs, some gloves and a small trowel or other tool will be received with delight by most gardeners. There are many hand tools at hardware stores that are reasonably priced.

If you feel that is too ordinary, how about a subscription to a gardening magazine? A tiny bit more expensive perhaps, but it will give twelve full months of delight. A book on gardening is another idea, but make sure your recipient does not already have the one you choose. Books are often heavily discounted at Christmas time, so you may get a bargain.

On the other hand, a pot that contains a flowering plant is usually a welcomed gift. Be sure to choose a plant that is suited to your climate. Sometimes plants are sent from tropical to temperate zones and kept in artificial conditions in the store. These plants will not do well once taken from their environment. Shrub roses are hardy and attractive and grow in many climates. Tulips do best in the cooler climate.

If your budget is strong, a more expensive tool may be appropriate. A pull-trolley is easier to use than a wheelbarrow and, like some electric tools, is still not terribly expensive. Small electric tools such as whipper-snippers can retail for as little as $20.00. Or if your friend has a hose but not a hose reel, then that would be a more useful gift that he would truly appreciate.

Automatic lawn mowers, electric cultivators, hedge trimmers and brush cutters are in the more expensive price range and you are the only one who can decide whether that is an appropriate gift. However, when the recipient realizes you have given a gift that complements his passion, expensive or not, it will certainly become the best gift your friend has ever received.

Dr. Craig

One of the best parts about growing an herb garden is being able to use the herbs.  From the lemon balm leaf in a glass of tea to the sweet basil in a pot of marinara sauce, herbs can add the most wonderful flavors.

A perfect example of why you would want an herb garden is this.  Imagine a hot summer day when the only thing that can cool you off is a frosty glass of ice cold tea.  You can brew the tea, pour it over the ice, add a leaf off the stevia plant and one off the lemon balm plant, and you have a wonderful sweetened glass of lemon iced tea.

You must understand something about collecting herbs.  You need to do it often to allow the plant to keep growing so well.  Once an herb plant has started producing flowers, it will not produce any leaves.  Keeping the plant well pruned can keep it from going to flower.

There are three different kinds of herbs:

1)Herbaceous; these will die back come winter and grow back in the spring.  These herbs do not need to be carefully cut back.  You can just chop off what you need and they will continue to grow.  It is advisable to at least let one pair of leaves remain.  You will definitely do this in the spring to allow the new growth to form.   These herbs are also great for container growing, especially the mint varieties.

2)Evergreen; these herbs require you prune them at least once a year. You can do it more often, and hopefully you are cutting for the kitchen, but you must also allow some of the plant to keep growing. You will want to remove any old growth so the new growth can benefit from the sunlight and not be crowded.

3)Annuals; Annual herbs need to be planted every year.  You will not be able to winter these herbs unless you take them indoors.  Even when you do take the best care of them possible do not be surprised when they start to die off.

When you do harvest the herbs from your garden, you will want to gather some for fresh use.  This allows the plants to keep producing during the growing season.  You will want to harvest for the winter later in the year.

When you harvest for the winter months you must make sure you gather all you will need.  You will want to make sure before you store the herbs they are dried completely.

It is not hard to collect the herbs. A simple snip or cut and you are done.  Drying can be a problem when you do not know how to do it.  When you remember that an herb is just like any other plant it is easier to understand how to treat them.

You must first gather the herbs you are going to dry.  It is best to cut longer stems than many short ones.  You are going to hang the herbs upside down in a well ventilated area.  You do not want to hang them in bright sunlight.  Although the sunlight will make the herbs grow wonderfully, the light can cause the herbs to lose some of their potency when drying.

When you have cut four or five long (8 to 10 inches) stems off your herb plant, you need to shake them off gently. This will ensure there are no insects on the leaves or branches.  Strip off any dead or diseased leaves.  Make sure you also strip about the last three inches of the stem.  You need to tie the cuttings together at the bare end.  You can use string or even a rubber band if you wish.

After you have tied the herbs into bundles, insert them into a brown paper bag which you have cut holes into for ventilation.  Tie the end of the bag shut with the bare branches sticking out.  You can then hang the entire package upside down by the same string you tied everything together with.  Keep a close eye on the herbs as they dry.  You do not want them to become moldy.  Once they are completely dried, you can prepare them for storage.  This can take a week or two.  Just be patient.

You can also air dry the herbs.   Air drying is simply spreading the leaves of the herbs onto screens so the air can penetrate both sides of the leaf. This will allow the herbs to dry uniformly.  It is best to use one screen for each type of herb.  You do not want to risk drying your peppermint with the oregano.  This could result in some rather strange tasting Italian dishes!

Do not make the mistake of thinking you will not use that much.  In the summer when you have a good supply of fresh herbs, you may not realize how much of the herb you use.  This is because the plant is constantly growing and replenishing your supply.

Dried herbs are stronger than the fresh ones.  Fresh herbs contain water.  The dried herbs contain a more concentrated essential oil.  You will find you do not need to use as much of the dried herbs to get the same flavors.  Yet with the ability to store your own herbs, you might want to make sure you have enough until next spring.

There is a misconception that herbs can be oven dried or heated to force dry them.  This is not the best way to dry your herbs.  The heat can actually release the essential oils which give the herbs their wonderful aroma and flavor.  It makes no sense to use a drying system which will prematurely release the very thing which makes the herbs so desirable.

Dr. Craig